Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration
The concept describes the basics and importance of supply chain integration and helps managers and practitioners to identify the level of influence the company has over its supply chain's suppliers and buyers.
Technique Overview

Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration Definition
Horizontal integration relates to the merger of firms at the same stage of production in the value chain, in the same or different industries, whereas vertical integration refers to the merger of companies at different stages of production and/or distribution in the same industry (Hindle, 2008).
Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration Description *
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Business Evidence
Strengths, weaknesses and examples of Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration *
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Business Application
Implementation, success factors and measures of Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration *
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Professional Tools
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Further Reading
Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration web and print resources *
Horizontal vs. Vertical Integration references (4 of up to 20) *
- Baker, J.B. (2010) Market Concentration in the Antitrust Analysis of Horizontal Mergers. In K.N. Hylton (Ed.), Antitrust Law and Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, Northhampton, MA.
- Baptiste, R.G. (2002) The Merger of ACE and CARE: Two Caribbean Banks. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 38(4), pp. 466-80.
- Cai, H. and Obara, I. (2009) Firm Reputation and Horizontal Integration. The RAND Journal of Economics, Vol. 40(2), pp. 340-63.
- Cartwright, S. (2005) Mergers and Acquisitions: An Update and Appraisal. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 20, pp. 1-38.
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