Cross-Checking and Auditing


Auditing and cross-checking are systematic techniques used to verify data reliability after preparation or integration. They support confidence in analysis by validating results, confirming consistency across sources, and providing evidence that data outputs are fit for their intended purpose.

Technique Overview

Cross-Checking and Auditing

Cross-Checking and Auditing Definition

Auditing and cross-checking refer to structured processes used to validate data by reviewing outputs against defined rules, expectations, and source systems. Rather than identifying individual data quality issues, these techniques focus on verifying consistency, completeness, and traceability, ensuring analytical results can be trusted and confidently used for decision making (Batini et al., 2009; ISO, 2018).

Cross-Checking and Auditing Description *

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Business Evidence

Strengths, weaknesses and examples of Cross-Checking and Auditing *

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Business Application

Implementation, success factors and measures of Cross-Checking and Auditing *

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Professional Tools

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Further Reading

Cross-Checking and Auditing web and print resources *

Cross-Checking and Auditing references (4 of up to 20) *

  • Batini, C., Cappiello, C., Francalanci, C. and Maurino, A. (2009). Methodologies for data quality assessment and improvement. ACM Computing Surveys, 41(3), pp.1–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/1541880.1541883
  • ‌Gordon, S.C., Samii, C. and Su, Z. (2025). Data-NoMAD: A Tool for Boosting Confidence in the Integrity of Social Science Survey Data. doi:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.14651
  • Houston, L., Probst, Y. and Humphries, A. (2015). Measuring Data Quality Through a Source Data Verification Audit in a Clinical Research Setting. Studies in health technology and informatics. doi:https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-558-6-107
  • ISO (2018) ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization. Available at: https://www.iso.org/standard/70017.html

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